Internal Auditing, 4 questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Internal Auditing, 4 questions - Essay ExampleThe complex activities are to be controlled by counselings of the organizations, and in the case of companies, naturally the first target is the Board of Directors of such organization made responsible to vocalize proper policies, to control the various activities, the organization carries our in different countries, with cross cultures , different moral values, and different customer loyalties. One can see Nescafe, Cadbury product, Lux , Colgate ,cocoa cola, Pepsi, Philips, Sony, Motorola, Toyota and a host of consumer products available through show up the world, where customers vary, their cultures vary, but they are bound by these products, which speaks of their qualityThese products made their own language..For making such universal names, on the dot like the saying that stinkpot every successful man there is a successful woman, behind every successful organization, definitely there is a sound, solid, successful focus structur e with reliable steering principles and policies, to operate their businesses across globe. These managements are successful, because of their management policies, which involve various control systems. Managements strength lies in the policies, they frame, and execution of those policies, by establishing, various controls, at different levels of management.The first in the management hierarchy, na... Organisation structure --Controlenvironment fundamentally includes the organization structure it self. Managements processes involve planning, organising, and directing the business activities, with the assistance of sound management structure.Different levels of management means-- Management by Board and its subcommittees, top management teams, middle and or federal agencyal management teams, operational or supervisory management teams.Boardand StrategicTop ManagementMiddle or Functional ManagementOperating or Supervisory Management.The first in the management hierarchy, namely th e board and top strategic management , germinate (i) the vision, (ii) mission, (iii) objectives of the organization,(iv) long term strategic plans ( ranging from 2 to 5 years period)and approve the plans and strategies prepared by new(prenominal) management structures. Functional management prepares strategiesandshort term plans ranging for six months to a two -year period. Operating management prepares direct plans and operating strategies that will range from one week to six months period. All these plans and strategies should be falling with in the top management plans and strategies. Once they are implemented in true spirit, the organization gives excellent results in all directions. But it is not so simple in the present day organisations.Organisation should arrest proper control systems in place, and internal audit activity exists to give reasonable assurance to the management that the control environment exists, andcontrol systems established by the management are efficie nt, effective and economical. Assignment of Authority and responsibility-- Managements function throughby fixing responsibilities on the individual mangers, and

Knowledge, Skills and Abilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Knowledge, Skills and Abilities - Essay ExampleAs the paper outlines, the spotledge averment makes adequate performance on the muse possible while the skill statements refer to the proficient manual, communicatory or mental manipulation of data or things. On the other hand, the ability statements refer to the originator to perform an observable activity at the present time. Integrating these statements can serve as a basis for distinguishing the qualified candidates from the unqualified candidates for a position.The development and selection of job performance tools depend upon the grapheme of job. Not every last(predicate) kinds of performance instruments can be attributed to a person and accordingly different tools such as Monitoring, Testing, Observations etc argon employed. Beca exercise competence is multi-dimensional and individual assessment approaches have limitations, it is unlikely that a single approach to assessment bequeath be adequate.The primary question with any personnel instrument is of overall effectiveness. This is considered an extremely important agent in selecting a job performance instrument. This includes the feasibility and cost-benefit analysis of developing a specific type of instrument. It caters to factors like time and training required to implement the assessment, equipment or technology required, number of assessments required per examinee, pecuniary cost, and the extent to which an assessment has been used. If an instrument that is not practical to be tested upon the candidates, then it is useless and therefore it must be rejected. Similarly, if the time and cost incurred to train and test the candidate are more than the note value that can be derived from assessing the instrument then once more the instrument it useless. Also, the assessment should provide new and usable information that facilitates teaching and learning. For instance, the assessment should allow the collection of enough detailed information that it is possible to know what performance improvements or curricular modifications are needed. If this is not provided by the performance instrument then again the instrument must be rejected.Another factor that is equally important to effectiveness is the validity of the data. effectual data provide accurate information about what is being assessed. Different types of evidence may be used to infer validity. It may be inferred when assessment results help to predict performance in actual practice. Validity may be inferred also when it is possible to detect the responsiveness. Data that is invalid is of no use to the company and hence an instrument that extracts invalid data must not be considered for measuring job performance.Apart from the factors mentioned above, job performance instruments must be broad so that they cater to various aspects of an employee. This helps in diminishing any bias that may arise in the instruments.

Innovation and competition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

induction and competition - Essay ExampleFor instance, the insurance industry is highly competitive thereby necessitating the need to reserve great marketing techniques among other skills in order to gain competitive advantage over the competitors. stress on two of the main insurance companies in the United States, Geico and State Farm Insurance, using VRIO outline gives a clearer picture of how to gain competitive advantage in highly competitive sectors such as insurance. Several approaches can be utilize to attain an efficient marketing strategy. Some of the commonly used approaches include blue ocean strategy, porters five forces model, and advertising.The blue ocean strategy is late dependent on innovation and discovery of new consumer demands that are not yet explored. The blue ocean strategy focusses on improving the current market, for instance, by combining two or more well-nigh related demands. In addition, it is highly dependent on the quality while still maintainin g low be of the products and services offered. The less valued products and services are replaced by the highly valued and demanded ones thereby elevator the standards of the market and making it stronger. For example, the State Farm has many subsidiaries that offer great insurance services that hold from fire, casualty, and mutual insurance among others. However, despite the increasingly many subsidiaries, State Farm has been able to fully action it clients thereby creating unlimited loyalty. Additionally, Geico offers full time response service hence satisfying the customers fully. Moreover, Geico offers low judge to military personnel and government workers which is arguably different from what some of the other insurance companies do. As a result, Geico has greatly grown over the recent surpassing some of the great insurance companies such as Allstate. According to a report by SNL, GEICO made $4.89 billion through direct premiums based on the third quarter of 2013 whereas A llstate

Google and saving face in China Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Google and manner of speaking face in China - Case Study ExampleThus, Google spatenot always count on the Chinese government focusing on cultivating innovation and promoting technology. However, it should also be mentioned that innovation is a crucial gene for an emerging country such as China from longer perspective of development and considering this fact, companies such as Google should continuously strive for creating and enhancing innovative technologies.5 The incident about Google and China is unforgettable, but Google is very attracted towards Chinese securities industry and it has developed innovative technologies such as Nexus S, Android Phone and Chrome operating(a) System. 6 Recommendation to Googles Openness Policy in Countries that have Autocratic Regimes tuition from Googles China adventure, it would not be wrong to suggest that the accompany has to be extremely careful in the future before implementing operations in other autocratic countries. Avoiding problems s uch as that of losing face, the company should build on collaboration with the governments of these countries. In this context, partnership with the governments of the countries that have autocratic regimes that Google want to operate in can be ensnare through mutual dialogues as this entrust help to avoid clashes in future. Google should carefully examine the sensitivities of the master of ceremonies country in order to avoid providing user access to websites that can compromise relations with the government. This will certainly help in eradicating any conflicting views especially in terms of political and pagan factors that has been the major conflicting issues in China.7 For the strengthening of the openness policy in those countries, Google should gravely concentrate on factors related to politics and religion. Any news,... Learning from Googles China adventure, it would not be wrong to suggest that the company has to be extremely careful in the future before implementing op erations in other autocratic countries. Avoiding problems such as that of losing face, the company should build on collaboration with the governments of these countries. In this context, partnership with the governments of the countries that have autocratic regimes that Google want to operate in can be found through mutual dialogues as this will help to avoid clashes in future. Google should carefully examine the sensitivities of the host country in order to avoid providing user access to websites that can compromise relations with the government. This will certainly help in eradicating any conflicting views especially in terms of political and cultural factors that has been the major conflicting issues in China. For the strengthening of the openness policy in those countries, Google should gravely concentrate on factors related to politics and religion. Any news, articles or journals and forums that criticize the political or religious values of the countries should not be revealed through Googles search engine. Views of opposition political parties should be avoided as far as possible. Any access to information that may insight violence within the country or stake the government stability should be carefully vetted. Google should comprehensively adhere to the factors that can harm moral or cultural beliefs of the people of those countries in the East Asia, Middle East or Latin America.

IP Addressing and Subnetting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

IP Addressing and Subnetting - Essay ExampleThese identifiers are the one referred to as the net profit protocols which are numerical figures that identifies a device connected to a net. IP channeliseing therefore means appointment these figures to a device so that it can be identified. On the other hand a fighter network, also known as subnet is a sub division of an IP network, which makes sub netting to be the division of an IP network (Blank 2004). There exists two main versions of earnings protocol which include internet protocol version 4 (IPv4) and internet protocol version 6 (IPv6).since these versions contain an endless familys of numbers, for IPv4, this pool of numbers is 32 bits written as (232) and contains 4,294,967,296 IPv4 addresses, where bits refer to a digit in the form of binary star system which is use in storing information. For IPv6 version, it has 128-bits written as (2128) containing 340,282,366,920,938,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 IPv6 addresses. These two versions are assigned to a condition network in different sizes. The size assigned is shown after an oblique, and it reflects the number of IP addresses contained in it. The dismay the number after the oblique the more the number of addresses the protocol size has (Groth 2005). Since an internet protocol is do up of 32 binary bits, they are subdivided into network and host sections. The network portion identifies the particular network that it is connected to whereas the host portion identifies a node, be it a computer, on the local area network (LAN). This is aided by the use of subnet mask, which is described as a 32 binary bits combination that is these octets used to show which section or portion of an IP address refers to a subnet and the other tat refers to the host. The 32 binary bits are subdivided onto octets where octet holds 8 bits making a total of four octets. These octets are past turned into decimal fractions and separated by a period. This is why an IP address is expressed in decimal with dots in between. The number of decimal in each octet ranges from 0-255 decimals or 00000000-11111111 binary (Groth 2005). As indicated above, a subnet mask helps to know which section of the internet protocol identifies a given network and the section of the IP that identifies the nodes. If we have a network with a natural mask of 255.0.0.0 which has not been sub netted, it would have an address close to 8.20.15.1255.0.0.0.converting these addresses and masks to binary numbers, and we would have 8.20.15.1 = 00001000.00010100.00001111.00000001 255.0.0.0 = 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 There different types of IP addressing and each have their own features. ace of the forms includes the unicast. This is the most used concept of internet protocol addressing for both IPv4 and IPv6.it is used to refer to a wizard entruster and a single receiver which could be used for sending and receiving. A unicast address is normally for a single host. Different devices have different rummy unicast addresses, each with a different unique purpose. This means that for a person to data to many unicast addresses, he is required to send it many quantify to each recipient. The second type of IP address is the broadcast. Only IPv4 implements the broadcast addressing since IPv6 replaces broadcast with multicast addressing. For the IPv4, it is with ease to send data to all hosts. In the IPv4 address the address 255.255.255.255 is used to broadcast. The third type of addressing is the multicast addressing. Multicast address is connect with a group of recipient. For IPv4 addresses, given addresses 224.0.0.0

Work placement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

take on placement - Essay ExampleSecond, I wanted to gain adequate k straight offledge about the veritable responsibilities of a outturn engineer, which is what I am destined to be. Lastly, I intended to network so that I could have links when I finally graduate and launch job hunt. I reviewed my objectives to help me regain if my learning was on course.Even though my work was challenging, I managed to achieve most of my objectives. I now know what responsibility I will be charged with in the future, have vast cognition and practical skills about production and also established a good network with various production engineers and other important people in the field of engineering. I also learnt how organizations operate and the challenges they face as well as some of the strategies they use to overcome production problems. However, I realized that it needs a longer duration to effectively learn how companies operate and overcome their problems. Additionally, I learnt about effect ive heed skills, especially participative leadership, which includes all employees and ensure efficiency in the production process. I also learnt how the organization operates, their challenges and how they go about

USA nursing school curriculum Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

the States treat school curriculum - Research Paper ExampleThe paper tells that nursing upbringing and thence the curriculum of courses providing the courses on nursing have been found to have modified to great extents over the years. In the present times, the courses for nursing education include advanced techniques and measures with purposes of better preparation. Nurses in collaboration with other wellness officials ar now found taking part in this mission. In the United States, the nursing education in different institutions, colleges or universities argon accompanied through several opportunities think to the nursing profession. For example, supererogatory lectures arranged by leaders in the field of nursing are pull up stakesd for the nursing students. Also, different associations think to the nursing and health care take part in the educational courses thus enhancing the effects of the courses. US present a picture of advancement and development in the field of nursi ng education and provide the international students with indefinite opportunities and facilities. While students from the home country as well as from abroad receive together in the learning process, there is always a mutual learning that occurs between the students. For the item study, the nursing curriculum of the University of southwestward Carolina has been considered. The College of care for in South Carolina under the University of South Carolina follows a nursing curriculum that provides interested ejectdidates with several courses including the Bachelor of Science in Nursing, the Doctor of philosophical system in Nursing Science, Doctor of Nursing Practice, and the Master of Science in Nursing degrees. ... ng (BSN Program Information, n.d.), the Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing Science, Doctor of Nursing Practice, and the Master of Science in Nursing degrees (Graduate Program Information, n.d.). The BSN program as provided by the university is a four-year undergraduate program that combines the studies of the professional course and the knowledge of liberal arts. In it the general knowledge associated with english, chemistry, statistics, biology, psychology, sociology and other elective papers are included. Students completing the undergraduate program are eligible to take the licensure examination that is National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN). On clearing this examination, the nursing candidate can initiate her career in the profession of nursing (BSN Program Information, n.d.). Masters and Dual Masters courses are also offered under the nursing curriculum in the South Carolina College of Nursing. The Doctorate course combines nine courses related to the development of nursing theory, research and statistics (Graduate Program Information, n.d.). The Nursing Curriculum in USC and Its Success Assessment and analytic thinking Considering the needs and demands of the nursing candidates, and their growing interests i n the field, it can be realized that the Bachelor of Science in Nursing proves to be an efficient course successfully preparing students to be able to perform in health organizations. In general the BSN program takes around four years to complete (Nursing, 2012). The college of Nursing under the South Carolina University was incepted in the year 1940 and accredited in 1957. Studies reveal that since then more than 6000 nursing students have correct their nursing courses from the university and started their career in the nursing

In reference to abnormal psychology, what causes substance-related Research Proposal

In reference to abnormal psychology, what causes substance-related disorders, particularly those dealing with alcohol vilification - Research Proposal ExampleIncreased tolerance for alcohol is genetically mediated (Alcohol abuse, Mental health channel).Neurobiological influences People use illegal drugs and alcohol for their pleasurable experiences. Human brain has a delectation pathway that mediates our experience of reward. Researchers have proposed the domaminergic system and its opioid-releasing neurons as the pleasurable pathway. This begins in the midbrain ventral divided area and then work its way forward through the nucleus accumbens and on the frontal twisting (Barlow & Durand, 2004). The substances activate this bosom and impart feelings of pleasure. Drugs akin amphetamine and cocaine directly activate the dopaminergic system. Opiates inhibit gamma aminobutyric acid which inturn stops the gamma aminobutyric acid neurons from inhibiting dopamine, thus making dopamine more available in the reward center (Barlow & Durand, 2004). Other than imparting pleasures, these drugs also have anxiolytic effect and remove unpleasant experiences like hurting and feelings of illness. Alcohol has a strong anxiolytic effect. The anxiolytic effects are because of the drugs are due to their engagement with septal/hippocampal system which have a large number of GABA-sensitive neurons (Barlow & Durand, 2004). Many of the drugs enhance the activity of GABA in this region and inhibit the brains normal reaction to anxiety-producing situations. Some studies have pointed to a relation in the midst of certain brain wave patterns and an increased guess for alcoholism (Barlow & Durand, 2004).Racial influences Chinese, Japanese, and Koreans have deficiency or absence of alcohol dehydrogenase and hence tend to drink less and are at lower risk for alcoholism (Alcohol abuse, Mental health channel). This is because, the inability to metabolize alcohol in these people causes v arious symptoms like vomiting, flushing, and increased heart rate, thus making drinking difficult.

Enhancing Employability in Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Enhancing Employability in trade - Essay ExampleThe world has achieved ugly grounds in the technological advancement and at that placefore much of the trade is done through engine room based communication (Clark 2004, p. 203). As such, a little creativity is needed which will determine whether graduates firm jobs and afterwards they can keep them by being able to perform. Bolstering a marketing degree with opposite professional qualifications related to finance is also important so that potential employers can be attracted to your technological capabilities in marketing (Gibbs, Steel & Kuiper 2011, p. 379). Current Employability/Graduate Trends in merchandising According to recent studies and explore in the job market, marketing careers are on the increase whereas other careers are decreasing. This is a cheeseparing indication that the marketing industry is growing and opening new areas for graduates to work and explore. Despite the fact that many another(prenominal) indus tries have recently undergone serious cutbacks during the previous economic hard times, marketing is still an important vista of firms. Marketing forms the basis of attracting and selling a firm to new clients while still maintaining the already brisk clientele. It follows then that in the face of a shrinking economy and earnings, firms have to invest in marketing in order to keep afloat in the corporate world. Thanks to technology, the marketing can be simple or complicated depending on the amount of capital available (Bennett 2002, p. 464). Gone are the old age when business directories were the major modes of advertising a business. With the advent of the internet, marketing campaigns have become relatively sluttish because all that a firm needs is to open a website and upload all its required nurture there. In the past, business firms needed to spend a lot of capital in sending berth to their customers. When potential customers go online to search for goods and services, the re is are huge potential that is created for sales both straight and in the future. These adverts are created by marketing career people because they know what the client wants and they understand their goods and services. As such, being able to understand the market trends and having IT skills is very important in the marketing filed (Achrol & Kotler 1999, p. 152). Recent changes in the way business reposition themselves for competitive advantage has led changing trends on what is required of marketers. Marketing people must also change with time and adapt to the new market demands by head start becoming technology savvy. This entails being able to develop and implement all the different ways in which business can market themselves through technology. The jobs in marketing can be very light ( commandized) or specialised depending on a businesss size. In large business firms, there are many activities and campaigns that need coordination and therefore they usually need specialize d marketers. On the other hand, polished business outfits need a marketer who is able to handle all forms of challenging marketing problems with no specialized training. However, some firms usually need a marketer who can popularize their goods and services to the general public without much use of resources or technology (Brousseau, Driver, Eneroth & Larson 1996, p. 59). Career Paths of a Marketing Degree Marketing as course encompasses a wide array of activities that are related to conceptions about the delivery of goods and services. In this regards, there are many options in which career paths may be oriented

The key to a lasting marriage. A literature review Essay

The let out to a lasting marriage. A literature review - Essay ExampleWith the onslaught of industrialization however, the mental home seems to have lost the respect and honor that was accorded to it with the result that divorce rates are on the rise. This subject discusses the respectable institution of marriage as a literature review of academic peer reviewed journal names that discuss the separate to a happy and successful marriage while relating to the discipline of psychology.I would comparable to start this literature review by discussing the financial aspect of marriage by reviewing a journal bind that discusses how a diversify in the income level of a wife may affect the marriage. The article titled Changes in wives income Effects on marital happiness, psychological well-being, and the attempt of divorce. by Rogers and DeBoer. The article tries to retort what happens in marriages in which wives have increased their income Does subsequent marital happiness im go up o r infuriate Does the psychological well-being of husbands and wives increase or decline Does the risk of divorce increase, or is it lessened (Rogers) This article is a good starting point as in todays modern world it is very much(prenominal) a norm that both husband and wife are working. Hence this article relates to a key aspect of modern conjoin life. As per the article the authors found that a significant increase in a married womens income doesnt have any significant effects on their husbands. However the article does hit us realize that a married man is comparatively less happy when his wifes percentage ploughshare to heart and soul family income increases. Nevertheless as per the article the chances of divorce is not significantly affected by the change in this percentage. Although the authors suggest that the increase in relative Income does on the contrary indirectly lower the risk of divorce by increasing the wifes martial happiness. To get to these results the author s used date from a sample of 1,047 married individuals (not couples) in medium-duration marriages, taken from a survey that begun in 1980 and continued to 1997. The authors have used structural equality modeling to gauge the discussed impact from 1980 to 1988. Final analysis was based on analysis using schooling of how these changes affect the risk of divorce between 1988 and 1997. I feel that although this article was fully researched but go on research also needs to be conducted on the consequential affects on married life when the analogous females who had experienced a rise in income, experience a decline or a total loss of income. My second choice for the literature review is an article by Arturo Roizblatt, and other authors on dogged lasting marriages in Chile that was published in the Contemporary Family Therapy An International Journal. The article discusses the Chilean constituent of a study that included Canada, Germany, Israel, Netherlands, South Africa, Sweden and the United States of America with respect to long-term marriages. The study aimed to expose the main reasons for couples surviving for a long term while identifying their characteristics. The article also aimed at to prove if there could be an

Business strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 3

transmission line strategy - Essay Examplehas conceded to the popular consensus that there is room for the larger iPhone in the world. This case training features iPhone 6/6+ product of the Apple Inc. and takes deeper analysis its business unit about the companys external environment, its private-enterprise(a) position, and the value-addition proponents.Porter (1985) asserts that there are three major categories of the generic strategies constitute leadership, differentiation, and focus. As for Apple Inc., the focused differentiation and cost leadership strategy are the best for the company in adapting to the competitive environment while implementing the value adding activities. The cost leadership strategy has been strongly pursued by the Apple Inc. in its continued efforts to ensuring successful competitiveness. The cost leadership strategy has en abled the company to be cost efficiency while ensuring sustainable development of the company. By pursuing cost the leadership stra tegy, the company has been able to determine the prices of its products and services at competitive prices.Nilsson and Rapp (2005) on the other hand states that when a company potty sustain the profits above its expected income then the company can be termed as having gained the competitive advantage over its rivals. Apple Inc. Introduced the iPads to act as the more portable version of their range of the ad hominem computers an intermediate between the Smartphones and laptops. The introduction of the iPhone 6/6+ by Apple Inc. creates the impression of the companys continued adoption of the differentiation strategy. Capon (2008) asserts that differentiation strategy is the clever way for the business in the plaque of the large market share owing to the fact that buyers perceive the quality of the services or products in regard to the price. Apple Inc. has made sure that its iPhone possess its line of the applications that can be bought directly installed on the phone. The company has ensured that the iPhone

SOCIAL, CULTURAL and ECONOMIC CONTEXT OF HEALTH Essay - 1

SOCIAL, CULTURAL and ECONOMIC CONTEXT OF HEALTH - Essay Example, we cannot delink and conceptualise public health and health divvy up separately since both focus on the improvement of the health of the entire population, in a country or a region, although health palm focuses on individual care term public health care focuses on a part of the population, or the entire population (Gostin et al., 2011). However, the compositors case of the health care that the nation provides is determined by the quality of care offered and the outcome of care provided by practitioners in the health care sector. In this case, the quality of care is the most important aspect as it determines the health of the entire population. Various research studies identify the importance of the quality of care in ascertain the outcome of care with the outcome of care provided being the most important aspect in the conclusion of the effectiveness of a nations health care system (Hermann et al., 2006 Parish et al., 2011 Pincus et al., 2007 Shih et al., 2013).To achieve effectiveness in the health care sector with the aim of achieving quality care, it is important to ensure that there is satisfactory apportionment of resources that are consequently utilised in an approach that was effective. In this case, allocation of resources should not only be done without following their implementation and utilisation in every level and organisation of the health care system in which the resources are required. This implies that the efficiency of the health care sector is determined by different factors with the amount of resources allocated determining the implementation of services in ensuring that the health care sector met the needs of the nation. In line with this, Kluge (2007) identified resources as critical in setting the priority in the health care sector. Stakeholders face a challenge related to the setting of priorities in an environment whereby the resources allocated are not sufficient to implement a health care system that addresses the needs of all stakeholders in the

Product Portfolio Analysis of Heinz Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Product Portfolio Analysis of Heinz - Case Study ExampleThe BCG fruit-share matrix displays the positions of business units on graph of the market growth rate against their market share relative to competitors.Of all the products launched by Heinz amidst 2003 and 2006, sauces, dressings and condiments took the largest share, of 25.5%. However, ready meals also took a sizeable share of 20.9%. Other categories that been key to the companys new product developments embarrass canned food (13.1%) and fruit and vegetable products (9.2%). Of all the products launched between 2003 and 2006, 1.5% products were classed as innovative. When looking at insane asylum within Heinz, the company is most innovative in meat, fish and poultry products with 6.1% of all meat products launched by the company, innovative (Datamonitor Inc., 2007).Additionally, from the information that is available about the business units of the company, it can be stated that the Tinned alimentary paste and Retail Brown sauce business units were the most profitable with a revenue generation of 78.2 and 74% respectively. From this information, according to the BCG Matrix, these dickens units can be termed as Stars.Secondly, the Retail Ketchup and Baked Beans divisions were other two divisions which generated considerable revenues. Baby food and drink products are another area in which Heinz is a tether innovator. 3.1% of all baby products launched were classed as innovative.One of the most impo... The company also increased its focus on the consumer with a strong spotlight on health and wellness. Apart from these, the company also increased beautifying in marketing for future growth, greater R & D and impressive productivity measures (Merrett, 2007). Heinzs international growth strategy of acquiring new companies in the Netherlands, Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore and Costa Rica also have been of great uphold to the companys growth and improved performance. The company also launched gro wth and reorganization plans to focus on Meal Enhancers and Meals & Snacks. The historical transaction with Del Monte Foods is designed to make Heinz a more focused company able to invest more effectively in its strongest brands (Heinz).Heinz intends to build growth and value over the long term by dint of a strategy based on certain imperatives like expansion and improved consumer price-value, remove the jumbal by reducing the complexity of Heinzs business processes and continuing to focus resources on those products and activities that maximize profitability childbed 1 - C Pricing Strategies & Porters Five forces Pricing again also played its part in the companys overall performance as changes in pricing and improved volumes, through key brands like cant watchers and Heinz baked beans, were offset by difficulties in Russia for its non-Heinz products and unbranded frozen foods. By maintaining the key initiatives of the yearof pushing two innovation and the number of its brands globally, Heinz believes that it can continue the strong performance into the 2008 fiscal year. The company was also peachy in squeezing out costs to deliver the margin improvements necessary to underwrite greater marketing investment.The effective formulation

Marketing Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing - investigate Proposal ExampleThe information bequeath be collected using secondary and primary information collection methods, in which the latter will be conducted using focus groups. The collected data will then be analysed using grounded theory analysis methods.The prosperous drinks industry in the UK is a fledged sector, which includes firms that market non-alcoholic items. Because there are so few opportunities for growth as compared to existing backing, most of the companies in this sector seek to diversify existing offerings so as to gain market share and a competitive edge (Santos, 2013 p33). Others also seek to pursue acquisitions and/or lucrative arrangements for distribution of their products to expand their geographic reach, product portfolios, and operations. The largest companies, including PepsiCo and Coca-Cola, offer reliable dividends with an above-average stability of stock prices and regular increases. In addition, for those that are more ventureso me, a number of selections exist, such as developing overseas markets and energy drinks in order to serve quoin markets. In general, while soft drink manufacturers are able to turn in steady performances crosswise the entire business cycle, stressful economic times and consumer awareness portend threats to their profitability and overall business performance (Walker, 2013 p44).Historically, PepsiCo and Coca-Cola have been the major players in the non-alcoholic beverage industry, distributing well-renowned non-carbonated and carbonated drinks globally using sizeable bottling companies. think capital spending for these companies amounts to billions of dollars annually. By using lucrative distribution agreements and acquiring smaller players in the market, some(prenominal) companies are able to boost their results, especially as consumers tend to favour the more famous soft drink brands (Tremblay & Tremblay, 2012 p59). Sales,

Domestic Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Domestic Violence - undertake ExampleFrom a personal perspective, the fire seemed to be intentional as the Zephyrhills man refused to have his live-in young woman even though he had the opportunity to do so (Dutton, 2010).A family constitutes of all the requirements in life, as there is togetherness, love and care for each other. As a family man, Christopher Henry lived with his daughter and several children including a 1- year old baby who were at their relatives during the time of the incidence (Dutton, 2010). Wife battery and possession of ganja made him serve a sentence in jail. Children in most cases learn from the behaviors of their parents and this affects them either positively or negatively (Kinsler, 2014). Henrys children whitethorn suffer emotional depression after learning the death of their mother. A person dealing with drugs is incapable of looking after his children as their mother could. Even though the children may need at least one of their parents, it is bette r for Christopher to go back to jail.Christopher Henry, the boyfriend, tells the investigators that he had tried to call forth Lorraine up after the smell of smoke but she did not respond. Lorraine was jus close to the entrance lying in bed (Dutton, 2010). The duplex apartment consumed with flames on the arrival of firefighters. The fire was intentional because Christopher had the ability to rescue the female child since she was two feet from the entrance but he instead called her to come out. Lorraine maybe suffered from suffocation and was unable to rescue herself. I disagree with Christophers statement of calling his girlfriend to escape from fire (Kinsler, 2014).A dwell witnessed the whole incident and that Henry did not intend to go back to the duplex to rescue his girlfriend (Johnson, 2010). This made the neighbor beat Henry up and his face filled with bruises. The neighbor said that they had obstinate a domestic disturbance

Development finance and funding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Development finance and funding - Essay typeif not irrational housing underwriting, increased un physical exertion and retrenchments, reduced compensation, a high price correction, tax computer address for low gear time home buyers, rising foreclosures, decline of appraisal quality, expanded securities industry times and a number of other challenges (Yudelson, 2009, p.45). The increased level of sales in the latter half of 2009 was encouraging a recovery in housing department was later attained in 2012 by an increased employment rates and greater consumer access to credit.The number of sales jumped as inventory declined. The co-op sales in 2008 increased at an incredible rate of 28.3%. This level of sales is more than 3 times of the first quarter of 2009 which is considered then low point of market activity tipping in the fall of 2008. There is a consistency with the 10 year quarterly amount. The diminishing in the level of inventory in the market is attributed to the robust leve l of sales in the last quarter of 2009. The monthly absorption rate devolve to 7.3 months due to the higher number of sales and lower inventory. The fourth quarter of 2009 represented 51.1% of all apartment sales which was an increase from 43.2 in the old year (Miller, Spivey, & Florance, 2008, p.51). This represents a significant change for the same power point a decade ago when the market shares of co-op sales were way below that. Of the total c-op stock, 97.3% were considered resale listings and 2.7% comprised of untested development of condo-ops apartments with condo rules. These sales have led to a steady development of commercial prop in the Manhattan region (Abbey & Richards, 2009, p.23).The increase in the number of market days as listing throw out jumped. The average days on market was 151 days a decrease from the previous 152 days in 2008. Listing discount continued to increase reaching a mark of 18.3% as compared to 4.5% in the previous year. The combination of inc reasing number of sales and decreasing inventory suggested that the amount of remaining

The True Meaning of the American Dream Essay Example for Free

The authorized Meaning of the American Dream EssayThe American intake has been changing over the past many an(prenominal) years with many meaning to many people. One would think that the American Dream is about owning a large house in a quiet suburb with many luxurious automobiles parked in the driveway. Additionally going to vacations and cosmos able to purchase countless items without hesitation has been part of the American dream. However, the American dream is not about materialistic goals only. Although one can achieve whatever they want to through and through hard work, the American dream is ultimately about being able to work and not be judged by your social class unlike some of the other countries in the world. Furthermore, the American dream has opposite meanings to different people. As James Truslow Adams states in his book The Epic of America which was written in 1931 The American Dream is that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for from each one according to ability or achievement.It is a difficult dream for the European upper classes to witness adequately, and too many of us ourselves have grown weary and mistrustful of it. It is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each man and each woman shall be able to attain to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable, and be recognized by others for what they are, regardless of the fortuitous circumstances of birth or position. As you can affect this has many different meanings to different people. For one person it can mean that the opportunity to achieve an gigantic amount of artificial material prosperity is greater in America than the democracy that they came from. For some other people, they can see the America dream as a place to open a air and work as whatever they feel like or are passionate about without being judged. Many others see the American dream as a wonderful country for their children to grow up and receive an outstanding education and a lucrative career path. In rise to power the American dream is the opportunity to make individual choices without the limitations of class, religion, caste, gender, race, or ethnic group.

Why is soledad relevant to Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Why is soledad relevant to Of Mice and Men demonstrateSoledad derives from the word Solitude, a state of social closing off. It is the impersonateuation/state of being alone. Loneliness is defined as an emotional state in which a person (or animal) experiences an im custodyse feeling of emptiness and closing off. Loneliness and isolation is a theme that is reflected constantly throughout Of Mice and Men such as the characters, in the chela actions that the characters pursue, in this case, when the men play solitaire, and also the cut backtings which be described to us that give us the idea of bleakness. The characters in Of Mice and Men experience bleakness in various ways to from each one separate through the story. umpteen of the men who work at the bedcover travel alone besides George and Lennie. This makes the former(a) men peculiar(a) yet also comical of their motives. Many of the workmen and characters at the ranch can be seen as lonely in the way that they a re separated from their families and civilisation, tho, the characters which are the main victims of loneliness in Of Mice and Men are Curleys wife, George and Crooks. John Steinbeck portrays Curleys wife as the only female on the ranch and gives the reviewer a description to identify her with Full, rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. Her fingernails were red (Page 32), Steinbeck presents her as a picturesque young woman who is especi solelyy appealing to the men at the ranch. As we progress in the entertain we find that one of the men Whit explains, I never seen nobody like her. She got the eye goin only the time on ein truthbody. I bet she even gives the stable buck the eye. I dont know what the hell she wants (Page 51).It is soon discoered that Curleys wife is ever looking for Curley and he is always looking for her. However this is just her alibi so that she can go around the ranch act to talk to all the men and pick up their attention, which she doesnt g et from Curley. The men however are on the lookout of her as Curley is very aggressive and uneasy when anyone negotiation to his wife or when she talks to anyone at the ranch. So what happens when Lennie, who has been told not to talk or say anything to anybody at the ranch, begins to communicate with Curleys Wife, an attractive, manipulative and lonesome woman. It is obvious that the worst is going to occur when this occurrence takes place (Lennie and Curleys Wife talking), as Curley is already suspicious of him and George, and George has specifically told Lennie not to communicate with anyone because of recent bad events. Lennie said to Curleys Wife as they sit alone in the barn, , No, sir. I aint gonna talk to you or nothing (Page 85), as the confabulation goes on Curleys Wife says, Why cant I talk to you? I never get to talk to nobody. I get awful lonely.Lennie replies to this situation the only way he knows how, Well, I aint supposed to talk to you or nothing. I get lonely C urleys Wife said. You can talk to people, but I cant talk to nobody but Curley. Else he gets mad. Howd you like not to talk to anybody? (Page 85). Curleys Wife being the only female on the ranch and with the restricted communication shared with any other humans on the ranch, was just laborious to get the attention she believes she deserved and of course needed, so that she would not feel the loneliest and emptiest she has been ever since she married Curley. Although George travels with Lennie, he is emotionally and socially alone. Georges partner Lennie is mentally slow, meaning that communication mingled with the two men is very frustrating as Lennie does not understand George and George is constantly annoyed at the sheer situation that Lennie isnt very bright, continuously making mistakes which get them into trouble.An whatta I got, George went on furiously. I got you You cant keep a job and you loose me ever job I get. Jus keep me shovin all over the country all the time. An t hat aint the worst. You get in trouble. You do bad things and I got to get you out. His voice rose nearly to a shout. You crazy son-of-a-bitch. You keep me in hot water all the time. (Page 13) George is always taking his anger out on Lennie by yelling at him as he believes this is the way it will get through to Lennie but this does not prevail and leaves George angrier than when he began shouting at Lennie. As this reoccurring annoyance towards Lennie happens even at the ranch it is acknowledged by one character Crooks talks to Lennie in the barn, Sometimes he talks, and you dont know what the hell hes talkin about. aint that so? (Page 69).George has no other friendship with anybody else, as he travels alone in bearing except for one disturbance, Lennie. As ill-fated as it is, Lennie is seen as a disturbance and obstruction to George. level though Lennie may be very handy, hes neither bright nor intelligent. In realism, it appears as though George himself is trying to escape the feeling of emptiness and the reality of loneliness. However he just finds himself ineffectual to bond with Lennie in any way, leaving him trying to play his one man second with his ominous hindrance partner.Crooks, the stable barn, who lives in a small shed that leads off from the barn is exposed to loneliness as he keeps to himself in his small and deserted manner. Scattered about the floor were a add of personal possessions for being alone, crooks could leave his things about. (Page 66). When first describing Crooks, the author puts and underlying message in our head of loneliness as to show us that this is one of the most important themes which is rampant throughout Of Mice and Men.Crooks faces loneliness and part shelters himself to isolation due to prejudice from the people around him. He believes everyone is against him because he is a negro however this may not always be the case, he just keeps to himself so that he doesnt urinate to deal with getting grief off any of t he other men, especially Curley. As a aftermath of this, Crooks, Curleys Wife and George may all be lonely in different ways to each other, and the other men, however, they all feel emptiness and it appears like they are all playing their own punt each as a solitary individual man (or woman).A game played regularly by the men, George in particular, is Solitaire. This game is always played by one person which can be very relevant in the story Of Mice and Men when Steinbeck is reflecting to us the idea of loneliness. When George plays the game of solitaire he does this alone like he is playing his own game doing it the way he wants to. But in reality, he is always stuck with Lennie. This is just a way of getting away from the fact that Lennie is bringing him down, so that he can play his own game not constantly having to deal with the obstruction of his partner.This game is also the foreshadowing of loneliness, to show us that when George must shoot Lennie, he has been destined to b e alone, equal to the other characters. Even when he had Lennie he felt alone, and now without even a companionship he is still alone, playing his own solitary game of life. The game solitaire is a very incorporated game, George laid out his deliberate solitaire hand seven cards, and six on top, and five on top of those (Page 52). George may relate the game to how he would like his life to be. A structure set out with some outcomes relying on fate, but an independent game played by one individual. On the whole, the game of solitaire foreshadows loneliness mainly through the character of George but also through the minor actions of the other workmen at the ranch.The ranch is set a few miles from Soledad, California and is geographically isolated from other human contact, except for the workmen and Curleys wife who also live on the premises of the ranch. The feeling of isolation is immediately set upon us as Steinbeck produces a description to collate a picture and compile evidenc e that the characters are bound to be lonely at the ranch. On the ranch there are only a few small places where the characters spend their time when they are not working. The bunkhouse is a very plain room where the workmen sleep, this is where George and Lennie have a few private conversations, along with other events such as the argument over candys dog, the game of solitaire being played and the deep conversations between George and fellow worker Slim.Crooks isnt welcome in the bunkhouse by the other men and this becomes clear when Crooks says to Lennie in his barn, I aint wanted in the bunkhouse, and you aint wanted in my room (Page 68). Crooks lives in a small room off the barn where he keeps to himself, having little or no communication with anyone unless it is to do his job as the stable buck. When Lennie, and then soon after Candy, enter his room, Crooks is gust but still very suspicious of why they are bothering him, he tries to hide his confusion and by chance even conte ntment with anger, although Steinbeck says It was difficult for crooks to conceal his pleasure with anger (Page 74).His room is very isolated from the other people on the ranch which leaves him lonely all the time. Another setting in the story that is for the most part remote is the barn. The only people who visit the barn are Lennie, when he is petting his pup, and Curleys Wife when she takes shade in there as it is cool. The barn is secluded to the other places on the ranch in that when Curleys Wife screamed for help due to the actions Lennie had taken, her cries were too distant that none of the other men could insure her. This shows us that the author has even included the theme of loneliness and especially isolation when the different settings in Of Mice and Men where analysed.To summarise, Steinbeck has incorporated Loneliness as one of the some(prenominal) themes into the story, Of Mice and Men, in many different ways. These are, first off in the name, as Soledad means So litude which can also mean Loneliness. Also through the characters, such as their motives, way of life and personalities. The game solitaire is another representation and foreshadow of Loneliness as this is a game that the characters play, especially George, as an individual, solitary, man, which in reality he is not. Lastly, the settings, in and around the ranch such as the bunkhouse, the barn and Crooks room all relate to isolation and loneliness as this is where many acts of the idea surrounding loneliness take place and progress through the story. John Steinbeck has sufficiently and more often than not shown us how the theme and idea of Loneliness flows throughout his book Of Mice and Men.

Pretty woman is a conflicted tale about prostitution and dreams Essay Example for Free

evenhandedly wo adult male is a conflicted tale ab divulge whoredom and romances EssayPretty woman is a conflicted tale somewhat prostitution and dreams how we prostitute ourselves to obtain our dreams and how those dreams argon defiled and compromised by our prostitution. Discuss.To prostitute one and only(a)self means that you sell yourself for a reward either money or something else. In the film there is a lot of prostituting occurring mainly for the characters in the film to achieve their dreams. Pretty woman is a modern day gibeation of the queen mole rat tale Cinderella. Because the film has a fairy tale narrative then it means that the film has a lot to do with dreams and the take in believe. each the characters in the film have a role and ar all attempt to achieve their have got personal dreams. The 2 main characters in the film be both looking to find their dreams, which ar two different things.Vivian is a character of great haughtiness and self respect this breaks the stereotype of a prostitute and is shown in many an(prenominal) ways in the film.Vivian Wants the typical fairy tale that is swept of her feet by a brave dark str irritation and to live happily ever laterward. But she also has a realistic dream where by she is able to live a higher standard of invigoration preferably of donjon in a apartment which she doesnt like and which she cant afford the rent for.Whereas Vivians dream is to make is dad jealous by becoming a successful bil allow man and very(prenominal) wealthy. In both dreams the characters have to sacrifice different things to try and achieve their own dreams. Vivian has to sell her body as a prostitute to be able to afford the money to achieve her dream. Whereas Edward has had to sacrifice his soul and moral comprehend to be able to get his dream, this means that he is able to develop lasting relationships. Through out the film we forecast what the characters within the film have had to do to achieve their dreamsThe foremost horizon in the film is a business gathering where the main topics of conversation are either money or girls these are the main ingredients of prostitution. The first line of the film is its all about money this sets up the omit of the film where he is saying that everything in life revolves around money and the lengths that people will go to get money to achieve their dreams. The first gibe shows Edward on the phone sorting out business and is not interested in the society that is going on around him, this shows that he is giving up his social life and not spending date enjoying his wealth/dream as he is trying to arrange business.Then there is a contrast in lifestyles. The opening line of the neighboring scene is eitherone comes to Hollywood for a dream this could be represented as Vivians Philosophy of life because straight after that scene the camera cuts to her. This also shows that everyone in Hollywood has a dream and different people are will ing to go different lengths to achieve this dream. Vivian is shown as being in the lower social crystalize and wants to get out of her current lifestyle which is her dream. When Edward pulls up in his very expensive car and asks Vivian for directions her first response is to ask for money once again onto the fact that everything is for money. When the two are in the car Vivian is talk about money when and Edward comes out with the line I never joke about money this is very significant as it shows that he takes money very serious in hi life and see it as something that he cant joke about.In the film there is a contrast in lifestyles and also how close the two main characters are in their pursuit of their dreams. Edward is upper class and is living his dream (but he is not enjoying it). Whereas Vivian was at presenthere near achieving her dream but is very happy with her disposition and who she is, and with with(predicate)out the film she may change her view on things but her personality remains the kindred throughout the film. So as she is living and achieving her dream she does not change yet I would look at that Edwardss personality would have changed as he got closer to his dream.When Vivian enters the hotel she doesnt try to be posh but tries to gip the stereotypical role of a prostitute when people look at her. But when she gets into the room she is out(p) by the luxury and sees it as a dream compared to what type of living standards which she is used to. When the waiter brings the champagne and strawberries he waits for a tip which again shows that everything revolves around money in all cases, the waiter is a prostitute in a way because he delivers a surface of the exchange of money.Later in that night when Vivian is watching the tv and eating the strawberries Edward is at his desk doing fashion, and does not drink any alcohol this again shows how he has given up socialising and having a good time in pursuit of his dream. Every time Vivian w alks through the hotel lobby she is looked down upon by the people in the lobby this causes her to put he dreams on hold as she realises that she doesnt fit in, in this lifestyle.When Vivian goes out shopping for expensive clothes the scene is step up as if it was actually a fairy tale, with the way in which it is day time sunny and the colours used are bright happy colours which you would associate with fairy tales, this could represent that Vivian is busy living her dream. But when she tries to buy some clothes and the staff of the shop asks her to leave she realises again that because of her past and back offground that she doesnt fit in that style of life.When she goes back to the hotel the hotel manger takes her aside and talks to her about her stay in the hotel and how she should dress appropriately etc. but when she explains what happened then rather of the manager on the button dismissing her he tries to help and sends her to a friend of his. The hotel manager is has also got a dream of his own, which he is living. His dream is to be hotel manager of the hotel. You can tell that he is very proud of his note because when he is talking the Edward he keeps stating that he is the hotel manager. Although he has reached his dream it is unclear what he has had to give up to achieve it because he is a kind man who gets on well with people. So this shows that not everyone has to give up something to achieve their dream and that people have different types of dreams depending on their personalities and ambitions. It may be said that the larger your dreams the to a greater extent you have to prostitute to achieve them.At the polo match when Vivian is dressed like all the other woman in posh clothes (which she is pelfing to get used to) Edwards lawyer comes up to her and tells her that he k nowadayss she is a prostitute. This brings Vivian back down to reality and shatters the dream at which she is in as she is made to feel dirt cheap and small and is not pr epared for it. Later on Vivian is again made to feel like a prostitute but it is Edward how does it, when Vivian asks for her money he puts its on the bed instead of giving it to her (treats her with no respect). Vivian shows gravitas and self respect because she does not take the money (although she really needs it) and would rather keep her dignity then have the money, this is different from Edwardss views and believes.When the two make up she says the line If people put you down, you start to believe it with shows that her dream is has been put down and that she has realised she had been living as false dream for a few days which has dramatically ended, by her choice. This shows that Vivian was not willing to compromise her dignity for her dreams. This is shown in the next seen also, when Edward takes Vivian out she is wearing a red dress. The colour red represents dignity respect and power these are the things which are shown in Vivians character. Although when at the opera she never looses sight of whom she is.As the relationship between the two gets much intimate then Edward begins to become more and more laid back and starts to enjoy his wealth and money more. This is shown throughout the film but the main change comes when Edward takes a day off work to spend it with Vivian, this is a complete contrast to the first scene where he was missing a party because of business. Vivian also brings out the best in his personality. You can tell this because in the first meeting with the shipping contractor where Edward is abrupt and Cleary states that he wants get dismantle the contractors business up and sell it off.But after a prolonged period of time with Vivian and at the next meeting of the two Edward changes his mind and offers go into business with the contractor instead. This is because Vivian is bringing out the best in him and also as a minor he says he love to build things and that all he had to show for his career was money instead of products. So before he wanted to get revenge at his farther he loved to build but as he got angrier with his farther he wanted to destroy things, but now that he wants to go into construction again shows that he is getting over his farther and moving on with his life and starting to get back to his original dream which was construction.The necklace that Edward loans out for Vivian is very symbolic. It is representing that he is selling himself to her through the expensive necklace. Also when he asks the hotel manager to take the necklace back for him he says it must be very difficult to let go of something so beautiful so again Vivian is represented through the necklace. Also in the opera scene the line me not work is said this shows that Edward is concentrating more on Vivian and enjoying himself rather then work and money which he did originally.The resolution of the story is the rescue of the princess by her prince charming. This is successfully completed by Edward arriving on a white horse (represented as a white limousine) and come up up the castle wall that she has been trying to escape (the fire escape of her old flat) and rescue Vivian from a life of poverty. This is what she expressed her childhood dream as being. However, the two personal journeys of Edward and Vivian leave a more significant impact on the viewer. Edwards journey began with his father leaving him for another woman, and giving Edward a sense of rage whose only outlet is his business.This anger fuels his life, and indirectly leaves him a very rich man. Although Edwards business life is very successful, his personal life is a shambles. Edward has a fear of commitment. His journey in this film helps him let his guard down with Vivian, and he begins to overcome his fears. This personal growth leads him to a change of business strategies, resulting in a sense of closure regarding the old man hes trying to buy out of business. This old man represents what Edwards relationship with his father could ha ve been, and when Edward changes tactics and decides to join forces with the old man, the man expresses the pride he feels, and Edward feels the anger begin to fade.Vivians journey takes her from poverty to riches, but she too has closed herself off wound uply. This closure is necessary for many professions, including prostitution, but its apparent from the beginning of this film that Edward isnt an ordinary client. Vivians journey leads her from a dead end job to the probability of furthering her education and looking towards a brighter future. Edward does more for Vivian than buy her things he shows her that she is somebody special, and he gives her back her sense of the worth.The journeys of Edward and Vivian lead them to the end of the film, where they have resolved their internal conflicts and are free to love one another. Both characters in the film are pursuing their quest for their dreams. Edward had his but had to sacrifice his emotions to get it, and now with guidance fro m Vivian has is starting to restore them. Whereas Vivian had nothing and because of Edward has been able to live her dream and is still the same emotional person she was at the start of the film although the week has made her look at certain things through a different perspective.

Problems of Library Automation in Africa Essay Example for Free

Problems of library Automation in Africa EssayIn 1981, IBM introduced its personal computer (PC) for use in the home, office and schools. antecedent to that time, at that place had been several MS-DOS compatible personal computers that ran DOS programs. As computers became much widespread in the workplace (ie. an independent agents office), newways to unleash their potential amazeed. As smaller computers became much powerful, they could be linked together, or networked, to sh atomic number 18 memory space, software and in mixed bagation, and communicate with each early(a).So where does the policy labor scratch the mechanisation picture?A word from our sponsorWhats so difficult more or less combining personal and commercial umbrella coerage? Not much. Get a quote online this instantIndependent agents pee come a long way in using technology over the past 20 years. From the early 1980s through the mid-1990s, independent agents for the most part used PC-based automation systems to boost efficiency and cut costs.Since 1970, ACORD, a not-for-profit standards-setting association for the insurance exertion, has been involved in automation. The association is comprised of carriers, agents, vendors, firmness generaters, associations and other interested parties. We arent the ones who built the automation system, said Carolyn Cal Durland, managing director of Standards for ACORD. What we did and still do is provide standards-Forms and Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) upon which the vendors or solution providers base their automation systems. She explained that to find out how the manufacture became modifyd, one must look to the vendors and solution providers.In 1972, the first ACORD form, a property loss notice, went into use. Today, ACORDs standards include Forms, AL3 (Automation Level 3), XML, OLife and ObjX. The Forms are point of sale, data collection vehicles, AL3 is ACORDs EDI standard (or machine-to-machine, business-to-business, data transm itting formats or components), OLife is a data integration standard and ObjX is much more than EDI.In the 1980s-when the number of PCs in use increased dramatically-ACORD members asked for standardized electronic transmissions between the agentscomputers and the carriers computers.The industry has come to ACORD to consolidate efforts to eliminate duplication of work, Durland said. For example, without one approved, countrywide ACORD application, all of the 2,400-plus insurance carriers would have to have their own form. And the vendors or solution providers who automate those forms would have to customize each form.Now that ACORD and the industry are working hand-in-hand, there is one form accepted and used by m whatsoever of those carriers. In addition, the vendors or solution providers have the option to get going licensed by ACORD to redistribute the Forms. ACORD provides them with toolsto print the ACORD Forms, Durland said. ACORDs Forms efforts have stripped the costs out of t his statistical distribution channel.According to Durland, in the same manner that the industry came together with ACORD to do Forms, they have also worked to develop EDI Standards. Through our subcommittee process and strict compliance to anti-trust guidelines, we bring together carriers, agents, vendors, solution providers and other interested parties to discuss what is needed to transmit the data collected, she said.Change is goodThe industry on the whole, accord to Durland, is slow to gift changes, although there are some carriers that have the resources to be on the leading edge of technology.The beginning was a bit archaic. Carriers realized the benefits of automation and developed proprietorship systems that they placed in the agents offices, Durland said. This resulted in the agents having to physically go from one terminal to another to interface with the carriers automating their process.With the inception of the agency management vendors and ACORDs standards implement ed in those systems, the agents were conceptually able to eliminatethose proprietary terminals and work through one system. This concept called SEMCI, Single entry Multiple Company Interface, allowed the agents to keep the data in one place and transmit it electronically to any of the carriers it was licensed to represent, Durland explained.One step forward, two steps backTen years ago, when Durland joined ACORD, there were many an(prenominal) agency management systems attempting to enable SEMCI. Today, due to acquisitions and mergers, there are three primary vendors and a few smaller ones, she said. SEMCI is still the goal for the agents and the carriers. However, with the inception of Web enabled processes, the carriers-in an effort to streamline their costs-reverted back to proprietary applications.Those leading edge carriers put up Web sites that required the agent to go to the site and enter the information. So instead of going to a separate terminal in their office, they no w had to connect to a Web site and rekey the data that was already in their databases.This resulted in the acceptance of the new standard XML. XML is a standard that enables connectivity between Web applications and agency management systems, in addition to business-to-business, business-to-customer, etc., Durland said.The goal to secure SEMCI, according to Durland, can still happen with the implementation of XML. Plus it broadens the avocation partner base to be more than the agent to insurance carrier, she said.A push for implementationIn the 1990s, implementation guides were written and a corroboration process was developed. Today, there are more than 12,000 upload and 40,000 download implementations using AL3 standards. AL3 continues to evolve and there are new implementations every day, including using AL3 standards over the Internet.Ever since the dawn of the industrys automation, forms standardization act and still continues to be an important focus for ACORD as the standar ds-setting association works with many different trading partners within the industry.Today there are roughly 400 ACORD forms. And although its important to note how many forms there are, what is even more important to note is the fact that these ACORD forms have eliminated or prevented 80,000 proprietary forms-saving the industry millions of dollars.Communicating on a global basisAccording to Durland, ACORD has staff dedicated to building relationships with other standards-setting organizations. The fact is, the industry handles business on a global basis, so it just makes sense that the goal is to be able to communicate on a global basis.As an example, Durland pointed out that carriers write coverage for properties owned by people all over the world. In turn, these carriers work with other carriers or reinsurers to package the exposure.When asked why it is so important for the industry to be automated, Durland said, Automation strips costs out of workflows. Simply put, to save have to go to one place for information and to be able to service customers quickly and efficiently is key.For example, the agent and carrier agree to indemnify the customer if they have a loss which is covered on a lower floor their policy. The customer pays a fee based on that promise. When the loss occurs, they want someone to handle it like a shotto be given information on the progression of the resolution and be paid or have the item replaced ASAP, Durland said.Automation makes it possible.With the technology and automation available to us today, the opportunities to share information are unlimited, Durland said. The industry realizes that and is working together to figure out how to communicate electronicallywith each other.

Essay of william Essay Example for Free

shew of william EssayScepticism about expert determinism emerged alongside increased pessimism about techno-science in the mid-20th century, in token around the use of nuclear energy in the production of nuclear weapons, Nazi human experiment during World War II, and the problems of economic development in the third world. As a direct consequence, inclination for greater control of the course of development of engine room gave rise to disenchantment with the sit of technological determinism in academia.Modern theorists of engineering science and society no longer consider technological determinism to be a genuinely accurate watch of the way in which we interact with technology, even though determinist assumptions and language reasonably saturate the writings of many boosters of technology, the business pages of many popular magazines, and much reporting on technology. Instead, search in science and technology studies, social construction of technology and related fi elds turn out underscore more nuanced views that resist easy causal formulations. They emphasise that The relationship between technology and society cannot be reduced to a simplistic cause-and-effect formula. It is, rather, an intertwining, whereby technology does not determine but operates, and argon operated upon in a complex social field (Murphie and Potts).In his article Subversive Rationalization Technology, Power and Democracy with Technology, Andrew Feenberg argues that technological determinism is not a very well founded concept by illustrating that two of the founding theses of determinism are intimately questionable and in doing so calls for what he calls democratic rationalization (Feenberg 210212).Prominent opposition to technologically determinist thinking has emerged within work on the social construction of technology (SCOT). SCOT research, such as that of Mackenzie and Wajcman (1997) argues that the travel guidebook of innovation and its social consequences are strongly, if not entirely shaped by society itself done the make of culture, politics, economic arrangements, regulatory mechanisms and the like. In its strongest form, verging on social determinism, What matters is not the technology itself, but the social or economic system in which it is embedded (Langdon Winner).In his influential but contested (see Woolgar and Cooper, 1999) article Do Artifacts Have Politics?, Langdon Winner illustrates a form of technological determinism by elaborating instances in which artifacts can have politics.Although The deterministic model of technology is widely propagated in society (Sarah Miller), it has also been widely questioned by scholars. Lelia potassium explains that, When technology was perceived as being outside society, it made sense to talk about technology as neutral. Yet, this idea fails to take into account that culture is not fixed and society is dynamic. When Technology is implicate in social processes, there is nothing neutral a bout society (Lelia Green). This confirms one of the major problems with technological determinism and the resulting denial of human responsibility for change. There is a loss of human involvement that shape technology and society (Sarah Miller).Another conflicting idea is that of technological somnambulism, a term coined by Winner in his essay Technology as Forms of Life. Winner wonders whether or not we are simply sleepwalking through our existence with little concern or knowledge as to how we truly interact with technology. In this view it is still possible for us to wake up and once again take control of the tutelage in which we are traveling (Winner 104). However, it requires society to adopt Ralph Schroeders claim that, users dont just passively consume technology, but actively transform it.In opposition to technological determinism are those who subscribe to the public opinion of social determinism and postmodernism. Social determinists trust that social circumstances alon e select which technologies are adopted, with the result that no technology can be considered inevitable solely on its own merits. Technology and culture are not neutral and when knowledge comes into the equation, technology becomes implicated in social processes. The knowledge of how to create and prove technology, and of how to use technology is socially bound knowledge. Postmodernists take another view, suggesting that what is right or wrong is open on circumstance. Theybelieve technological change can have implications on the past, present and future.6 While they believe technological change is influenced by changes in government policy, society and culture, they consider the notion of change to be a paradox, since change is constant.Media and cultural studies theorist Brian Winston, in response to technological determinism, developed a model for the emergence of new technologies which is centered on the Law of the suppression of radical potential. In two of his books Technol ogies of comprehend Photography, Cinematography and Television (1997) and Media Technology and Society (1998) Winston applied this model to show how technologies evolve over time, and how their blind is mediated and controlled by society and societal factors which suppress the radical potential of a given technology.

Human Relations Movement Essay Example for Free

military personnel dealings Movement EssayHuman Relations Movement refers to those researchers of organizational development who study the demeanour of people in groups, in particular workplace groups. It originated in the 1930s Hawthorne studies, which examined the effects of social relations, penury and employee satisfaction on factory productivity. The movement viewed workers in terms of their psychology and fit with companies, rather than as interchangeable parts. The hallmark of human-relation theories is the primacy given to organizations as human cooperative systems rather than mechanical contraptions.George Elton Mayo accent the following Natural groups, in which social aspects take precedence over functional organizational structures up communication, by which communication is two way, from worker to chief executive, as well as vice versa. adhesive and good leadership is needed to communicate goals and to ensure effective and coherent decision making (Wilson Rosenf eld, Managing Organizations, McGraw pitcher Book Company, London, p. 9. ) It has become a concern of many companies to improve the job-oriented interpersonal skills of employees.The teaching of these skills to employees is referred to as fluffy skills training. Companies need their employees to be able to successfully communicate and convey information, to be able to interpret others emotions, to be open to others feelings, and to be able to solve conflicts and arrive at resolutions. By acquiring these skills, the employees, those in steering positions, and the customer can maintain more compatible relationships. (DuBrin, A. J. (2007). Human Relations Interpersonal Job-Oriented Skills, Pearson Prentice Hall, 9th. ed. , cutting Jersey, p. 2. ) Institutes where human relations are studied includeThe Tavistock Institute, co-publishers of the Human Relations journal the NTL Institute for employ Behavioral Science The Oasis School of Human Relations, Masters Degree in Globally amen able Leadership (Oasis Press publishes human relations books and manuals) Trevecca Nazarene University, Bachelors Degree in Management and Human Relations for working adults the University of Oklahoma offers a Bachelor of Arts in Human Relations, as well as a Master of Human Relations Concordia University (Montreal, Canada) offers a Bachelor of Arts in Human Relations, as well as a Master of Human Systems Intervention.

Managing safely project Essay Example for Free

Managing safely project turn outIntroductionAs pct of the Managing safely course, you have to consummate(a) a project and have it assessed. You impart be expected to carry out a fortune sound judgement based on your suffer discipline environment. You need to participate the results on the attached sheets and submit them for marking. Do non submit every(prenominal) additional material in support of your project drill as only the six part of the A4 project will be assessed. The project can be word processed or make written. When you have completed your hammer you should return it toThere is a two week time restrain for the return of the project. Your project must be completed and returned byInstructions enchant read tout ensemble of the instructions before starting knead on your project.The project is broken down into a fleck of parts. Please complete each section as detailed below.Part 1 definition of the fail tasks that are your responsibilityRecord a brief description of all the march tasks deep down your wreak environment includingdescription/labelled sketch of the fix(s) mass who work in or visit the ambit on a regular basis or from time to time. (Think about the different groups of people who whitethorn be in the area and how often they may be there.)permanent and shipboard items of equipment and substancesactivities carried out within your work environmentPart 2 a hazard checklist of the attitude(s)Record a brief description of three location hazards that may arise in your work environment. For example, car park, stairs, uneven floor. For each of these hazards delight accepta description of the locationa description of the hazard in sexual congress to the locationthe number and occupation of people who could be affected by the hazard in relation to the location whether a risk assessment is recommendedPart 3 a hazard checklist of permanent and/or unpredic sidestep items of equipment and substances used in your wor k environmentRecord a brief description of three hazards that may arise from equipment or substances used. For each of these hazards please includea description of permanent and/or temporary items of equipment and substances used a description of the hazard in relation to the equipment/substance the number and occupation of people who could be affected by the hazard in relation to the equipment/substance whether a risk assessment is recommendedPart 4 a hazard checklist of the activities carried out within your work environmentRecord a brief description of three hazards that may arise from within your work environment. For each of these hazards please includea description of the work activitya description of the hazard in relation to the work activity the number and occupation of people who could be affected by the hazard in relation to the work activityNote for the purpose of this exercise all three activity hazards that youare assessing on part 4 must require a risk assessment .Part 5 carrying out a risk assessmentPlease carry out a risk assessment on all three of the activity hazards you have listed on part 4. Please make sure you includea description of the work activitya description of the hazard, hazardous event and expected consequence in relation to the work activity the number and occupation of people affected in relation to the work activity an assessment of risk (please use the 5 x 5 matrix) in relation to the work activityNote for the purpose of this exercise all three activity hazards that you are assessing on part 5 must require risk controls.Part 6 risk control recommendationsPlease complete the risk control form for all three activity hazards you have listed on part 5. Please make sure you includea description of the work activity and risk level from the risk assessment existing risk controlsany further risk controls required in relation to the work activity the end risk (please use the 5 x 5 matrix) in relation to the work activity a description of the type of monitoring required and how often in relation to the residual riskNote where you have large numbers of hazards in your work environment you will not have space to record them all. In these circumstances, select a representative sample of hazards for the purposes of this project and record only these. Remember that only three hazards are required for parts 2, 3, and 4.Each part has a maximum number of marks which can be awarded and details aregiven in the table below.

Boise Art Museum Essay Example for Free

Boise craft Museum EssayBoise Art Museum is located in a serene environment with beautifully manicured lawns beautify with various artifacts. I had the privilege of visiting this renowned museum on 18th August 2003. During this time an show showing the ceramic artificeric works of Wanxin Zhang was ongoing. The ceramic works featured Chinese figures molded to the upper side of an average person and each piece having its own uniqueness. Each of the figures represented different emotions and personalities.Some of the figures however had clothing that depicted a combination of tradition and modernity. One astonishing aspect about the figures is how the artist managed such art with such huge ceramics. This depicted mastery of the art. Although all the figures were brown in colourise and more or less of the same size, it was very easy to discern differences in terms of the emotions and personalities displayed by the clothing, posture and facial expressions. This dodgingd how d iversity can be achieved in art just by varying aspects such as posture and facial expression.The technique was superb as the artist managed put on contour to bring out contrast in different parts of the body and to create outline for the clothing. The finishing was also smooth and rough surfaces were meant to bring certain aspects of the figure such as clothing. The figures be also amazing due to the extent that they manage to deepen tradition and modernity. Looking at the figures superstar also notices the sense of humor of the artist. Some figures were adorned with glasses and some had neck ties.This gave the figures a leery and a ridiculous look. Generally the artist outlined how possible though ridiculous it would be to combine tradition and modernity in a single piece of work. This is actually a very disused observation considering that the figures still manage to look artistic and portray a rich Chinese culture. prolongation Boise Art Museum. (2010, August 18). Wanxin Zhang A Ten Year Survey. Retrieved August 18, 2010, from Boise Art Museum http//boiseartmuseum. org/ record/current. php

God Loves Uganda Response Paper Essay Example for Free

God Loves Uganda Response Paper EssayI was aw be of strong anti-homosexuality injustice in Uganda from discussions with friends and some news coverage I saw on the internet. However, I was unaw ar of the deviate of U. S. evangelical missionaries until I saw the documentary God Loves Uganda. The films director, Roger Ross Williams, illuminates how American missionaries in Uganda unravel to condemn homosexuality and ban condoms as part of their abstinence only education. Missionaries in the film appeal from the International House of Prayer (IHOP) in Kansas City, Missouri. They take direction from the charismatic Lou Engle, who is a prominent leader of the evangelical Christian right. Throughout the documentary, these missionaries speak candidly about their core religious beliefs without coercion or the trickery of film editing. The American pastor behind the anti-gay vitriol spread by these well-meaning IHOP missionaries is Scott Lively. It is primal to note that Scott Livel y is quite the conspiracy theorist and anything he says should be taken with a penetrate of salt.He co-founded the anti-gay group Watchmen on the Walls and authored books such as The Pink Swastika Homosexuality in the Nazi Party, 7 Steps to Recruit-Proof Your Child, and The Poisoned Stream Gay Influence in Human History (Scherr). Lively has forge relationships with Ugandan religious leaders, who preach his toxic message to their congregations. Two of the biggest myths that Lively and IHOP missionaries teach in Uganda are that homosexuality is a Western import trying to recruit children and that homosexuals can choose to be heterosexual.In Uganda, Same-sex relations have been deemed unnatural and laws against it have been in attitude forever. However, in 2009, anti-gay fervor reached new high school when the Ugandan Anti- Homosexuality Act was introduced to parliament. The bill criminalizes homosexual relations, which are punishable by life in prison or even death for serial off enders. Inspiration for the AntiHomosexuality Act directly stems from Scott Livelys seminar titled, Exposing the Truth Behind Homosexuality and the Homosexual Agenda, which he presented before UgandanParliament. (Lapin) In uniting with anti-homosexual propaganda, the missionaries preach that condoms should be banned, as abstinence is the key to lowering the HIV rate. The Ugandan government supports this flaw abstinence only policy. As a result, both hetero and homo sexual relations are stigmatized and condoms are not used. Therefore, disease continues to spread and wreak havoc on Ugandan society. Race and colonialism are not explicitly mentioned in the film but they are undeniable factors.Race has been beneficial to the missionaries. As ex-communicated, Bishop Christopher Senyonjo says of Ugandans relationship to the missionaries, Because they are white, mint believe them. Colonizing of values is certainly happening. Africa has always been a place in which colonial aspirations c ome to fruition. Rather than merchandise a way of governing to the colonies, missionaries are exporting religious governance. In addition to building orphanages and other good works, IHOP missionaries have exacerbated the anti-gay climate in Uganda.These people infiltrate Uganda in the name of God, demonize homosexuality as part of Biblical law, and then egress citizens to take the real law into their own hands. Consequently, LGBT people in Uganda fear for their lives. Now I must ask, is this what Jesus would want? Bibliography Lapin, Andrew. God Loves Uganda. The Dissolve. The Dissolve, 9 Oct. 2013. Web. 24 Oct. 2013. Scherr, Sonia. U. S. Anti-Gay Activists Under Fire for Role in Uganda. souther Poverty Law Center. Intelligence Report, Apr. -May 2010. Web. 23 Oct. 2013.

Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Interview Nursing Essay Example for Free

Acute C be bind practitioner Interview Nursing EssayThe Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) I interviewed is FS she is an Acute Care Nurse Practitioner (ACNP) with the department of Urology at Saint Louis University Hospital (SLUH) and has been licensed and board certified since 2010. FS receive in 2005 from Goldfarb School of nursing in Saint Louis earning her bachelor of science (BSN) and thence took an intensive charge staff impersonate with Missouri Baptist hospital for two socio-economic classs. With two years of experience she felt she compulsory to continue her genteelness in nursing and enrolled in a Saint Louis University (SLU) ACNP program. She realized after the starting line year that trying to work full time and take classes was too much for her, so she inflexible to quit her job to focus full time on her studies. Her world-class position as an ACNP was with the suffering department step down floor at SLUH in 2011. This position was advertised in newspaper and after sending in her resume she was contacted to for an interview in person. My first interaction with FS was last string up when I was t severallying Advance Trauma Care for Nurses as she was one of the students that I recognized from the distress department.We struck up a conversation and I basically did a mini interview then and she since has given me contacts for preceptors this summer. Last week I notified her regarding this interview and she informed me to meet her at noon in her office where we discussed questions listed according to the description of assignment for a total of 30 minutes. Personal history including education FS received a Bachelor of Science degree from Georgetown University in Economics and International Business.When working fall out a problem or learning a new skill she likes to get the general range and start gradually focusing in on specifics similar to deductive theory. She knew she wanted to work in a hospital setting, from there to a surgical fl oor, and now she has focused in on Urology. She lettered the Urology department at SLUH wanted to bring in two or three APNs on service to round and be first assistants in the operating room through networking with an other(a)(prenominal) APNs in the hospital. When she interviewed for the position she had a great working relationship with that service already.They knew she was punctual on with having familiarity with documentation system. She basically had been marketing herself before she even knew it by having a proactive relationship with consults. interpretation of current practice FS does not currently rent a dinner gown job description since her position is new and she is the first APN to fill this newly developed role with this service. Other than being told she would round on patient roles in the hospital, preserve orders, discharge patients, and first assist in the operating room she has no formal written description.When she applied for her position she was informed it would be a lateral move with no step-up in pay or benefits. FS arrives to the hospital at 0600 similar to an intern or snatch year occupant. Every morning she receives report from night float of any new patients or issues to existing patients who have been admitted. Information is gathered on labs and radiology films that have been completed and she uses this information when her first patient judgement is completed early that morning. The fellow or senior resident depart round on each patient to discuss labs, radiology, and patient assessments.From this a plan is developed what needs to be done that daylight to move forward before the attending rounds with the team to discuss the same items. From this point she may go to the operating room to first assist if it is her patient or write new orders on the other patients assigned to their service. If she happens to be first assistant she result follow the patient back to their room and write post operation orders. Her role i s very similar to a second year surgery resident duties. Description of APN functions using the APN core competencies.Working in an inner metropolitan city hospital that has some ethnicities has been challenging. She has had to learn certain customs, body posture, and position can have either a positive or negative impact in perception from the patient with regard to attitude of care they are receiving. She has well-read from staff of the same ethnicity or watched family and friends interact with one another on proper cultural customs. The first of two main core competencies FS uses is clinical and professional leadership with fellow APNs and physicians discussing assessments and plan of care.The second of two core competencies is consultation with other services and the nursing staff in consideration to patient care and goals (Cooke, Gemmill, Grant, 2008). APNs have additional competencies but these are the two main descriptions FS uses daily. FS has worked through umteen chall enges as an APN the last few years. Some of the minor issues have been the acceptance from other services that do not have APNs. Over time other services have become accustomed to consults from APNs by her demonstrating knowledge, professionalism, and kindness.The biggest challenge she has faced is an overabundance additional patient work load since the department will no longer have residents this year. She has the attendings blessing to hire more APNs and they will take on more direct patient care. Issues confronting the APN in current practice FS reports there are no real issues she faces at present other than just continue to work on suture skills in the operating room. She stays current in Urology by attending grand rounds on with reading and presenting journal articles.She also has the luxury of having a fellow who has been a great source of knowledge. comprehend impact on APN role pursuant to current healthcare developments, changes, and national recommendations. It is my p ersonal belief APNs will be one of the fastest growing professions in the coming years when the Affordable health Care Act takes place. It appears that many physicians will probably be in specialized services along with the APN. In addition, APNs will be the majority of primary care in the future as more individuals will seek wellness physicals and the baby boom generation is nearing 70 years of age.

Policy of Sport Development

Policy of romp exploitationIn this essay the writer is going to attempt to explore the constitution of romp phylogenesis and sensual activities. The writer is going to discuss the policy in depth, why the policy was made, what was its aim and which tender problems did it address. The writer is withal going to discuss how the g everywherenment implemented this policy and if the policy was successful or not. In discussing the policy the writer is in addition going to look at the different groups of the association that argon impact and how they responded to the policy. The writer get let on conclude by looking at how the policy has had an impact on peoples lives two the negative and autocratic impact.In attempting to define complaisant policy maven can not trace up with one precise definition as social policy is a broad and various(a) subject. concord to (Spicker, P. 1995) it is the study of social service and the welfare state. The main social serve everywherewh elm social security, housing, education, health and personal social services. The wikipedia states that social policy is the guidelines for changing maintenance or creation of quick conditions that are conducive to human welfare. Social policies are as a result of government hitch in human affairs. They do not just merge up but they come slightly to address a social problem. Every policy has an ideological origin, aim, nature and an effect.When the labour gorvenment came into power it pick out a policy on corporal drill and diversion phylogeny. In April 2001 the governance published its scheme for the victimization of swordplay over the next decade (Governments plans for boast 2001). The ideological origins of the policy of caper festering and fleshly activities included the following to improve spirit of life, improve health of the nation, tackle health inequalities, upraise equality, reduce crime, provide opportunity of life long learning, neighborhood renewal and social integration. The aim was to mystify Britain together and also set a national strategy for neighborhood renewal. According to the article from the built in bed of the deputy minister on neighborhood renewal unit (Renewal.net 2008) it defined neighborhood renewal as about reversing the spiral decline, working from the grassroots to deliver economic prosperity ,jobs, safer communities, education, somatogenic activities and better health. drama would break to neighborhood renewal and make a difference in crime, employment, and education. This was to be achieved by providing approach path to each(prenominal) individuals to quality sport, play, physical activity opportunity promoting individual development (East Riding Council 2008).The Council of Europe defines sport as All forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised circumstancesicipation, aim at expressing or improving physical physical fitness and well-being, forming social relationships, or obtai ning results in competition at altogether levelsSport is defined broadly, embracing both formal and informal activities undertaken for leisure, health and social benefit including volunteer(a) activities such as walking and cycling. Participation in appropriate sport and physical activity provides social, health and economic benefits for individuals, communities and the country as a whole.At the heart of the sport development and physical activities was social inclusion(sport development 2001). This was to promote equality and fairness in the society and remove any form of variety which may include age, race, gender, ability and need. Other reasons that may result people being excluded from the society may include unemployment, poor skills, low income, poor housing, crime, bad health or family breakdown. According to the report by (Renewal.net 2008) people living in disadvantage areas, older people, people from ethnic minorities and people with disabilities were not obtaining th e beat social health and economic benefits from participation in sport and physical activities. at that placefore Sport development was to deal with the opportunities avail equal for people to progress to their potential in sport, from taking part for fun and health to competition and also encompasses the provision of opportunities for addressing the social issues of the day through participation in sport.The policy in sport development and physical activities aimed at addressing number social problems which included crime, health, education and social exclusion. Sport would encourage community safety. (Collins et al 1999) suggested that sport might contribute to combat crime particularly spring chicken and juvenile criminal behaviors. Sport could also supporter youth offenders, in that they can work with officers who will assist in helping them to gain qualifications and mentor them and use sport to pr even offt them in anti social behaviors. Sports and physical activities prev ent or control risky behaviors among young people for example tobacco or other substance abuse, unhealthy diets or violence (WHO 2003). Providing sport for young people also helps to prevent boredom and helps to teach values and morals, police squadwork, respect for others and have a common goal.Sports also help in both physical and mental health. An article from the East Riding Yorkshire Council cited that absence from work speak to United Kingdom business over eleven million pounds per annum. Sports and physical activities increase employability and help contribute to the economic vitality of the community. They also help reduce the risk of prada Willis, obesity, coronary heart disease and even diabetes. Sports can also help in therapy and can reduce stress and depression. According to (Bourchard et al, 1994) benefits of sports and physical activities also include reduction in mobility and mortality from disease of several body systems. Establishment of healthful patterns of ex ercise, despotic attitude and adaptive mechanism for coping with stress are likely to yield continued coming(prenominal) benefits (Conger, 1987). In addition to that they help improve the sense of well being, self esteem and confidence. Many fair activities can also be used for rehabilitation, therapeutic and recreation for people with disabilities helping them develop positive mental attitudes (Kumbhare D, Basmajian J 2000)Another aim of this policy was social inclusion people in the community integrate together helping them to develop a sense community identity. Being involved in sports would make people with the similar interest work together and have a better dread of one another. Sports and physical activities also help to break social barriers. People from different backgrounds, cultures and ethnicities are able to work together as a team and have a common goal. Every ingredient of the community can participate as they have fair access of the resources. Sports and physica l activities have a positive impact on the elderly and those with disabilities as they strengthen bones and help build and harbour healthy muscle joints for people with chronic disabling conditions improve stamina (WHO 2003)The policy also aimed at providing training, employment and improve skill at heart the sector itself thus enhancing individuals prospects for obtaining employment. Involving people with voluntary and paid sport and physical activity leadership and coaching can help some to gain qualifications and future employment, within or outside of the sports sector. A report from the (East Riding Yorkshire Council 2008) stated that the provision of sport business and services and the manufacturer of sport goods and equipment make a significant contribution to the employment and gross value (9.8 billion pounds).To implement this policy the government divided into the following groups sport in education and sport in the community. The government placed a special emphasis on school sport this is because taking part in school sport helped young people to develop a sporting talent, improved health, team work skills and self discipline. The school sport coordinator programme stated that every pupil was entitled to 2 hours of high quality of physical education and sport in a week within and beyond the curriculum(PE, School Sport And Club Links PESSCL strategy 2002(DFES) . The government introduced different programmes to help development in children and these included the Department of Children, Schools and Families (DFES),The Childrens Act 2004, and Every Child Matters 2004 and the sure start which was to help deliver the exceed in life for every child by bringing together early education, health and family support. There are also organization which are to mainly support childrens sport and one of them is Tames sport development which works in partnership with over 66 primary schools and its main purpose is to provide quality sporting experience within t he schools.In the community one of the primary aim was to improve approachability of sports to everyone. The main aim was to promote equality, resulting them targerting groups like the ethnic minorities, disabled, women and the elderly. Thus by incorporating the Disability Act 1995 or the Race relations (amendment) Act 2000. In the community local governance were going to play a central role in delivering sport in the community. Older people should at least steep in moderate intensity sport a day or active recreation iii or more days a week (sports playing its part 2005 sport England). The Ashton renewal sport officer aims to provide community access for young people with little or no cost.The policy of sport development and physical activities has already had an impact on the society as a whole. According to Jacquie Smith mp parliamentary under secretary of state of school standards, in 2002 the government had completed eighty four specialist sport colleges in fifty nine local education authorities and 159 school sport co- coordinators had started working with teachers and parents to provide more for people in competing sports.A research through with(p) by the British market research bureau stated that children are most popular out of hours activity was participating in sports. Some of the positive effects of sport development and physical activities include helped people develop interpersonal skills, has helped combat adolescence depression and helped reduce puerility obesity 6% of childhood obesity .The sport development and physical activities policy has been successful to a greater extent. People in different communities are engaged in local community sport sessions and eventually becoming members of sport clubs. It has also made people aware of healthy lifestyles and also has promoted increased k in a flashledge and understanding of physical activities.Another positive effect of this policy is that a lot of young people are now participating or are involved in sport or physical activities. The Tames sport development scheme engages 7000 young people into school sport and physical education and the after school clubs within a school year attract a total of about 5000 young people from all cultures and backgrounds. In Devon secondary schools are involved in different multi sport events one of them is the pentathlon challenge were over 400 students take part in different sports. The Norfolk county has adopted a vision for physical activity which is to make sport and physical activity an everyday part of everybodys life in a Norfolk and one of its goals to promote the value of sport and physical activity improving quality of life for all. In Norfolk schools are able to access the resources for support in sport and physical development. Greater Manchester youth games have over 400 young people participating and has also produced Paralympics competitors.Several councils have now adopted a positive approach towards sports for their communities. An example is the East Riding Yorkshire Council that believes in working with people to promote physical and mental well being.In conclusion Nelson Mandela once said Sport can create want where there was once only despair. It breaks down racial barriers. It laughs in the face of discrimination. Sports speak to people in a language that they can understand.ReferencesAlcock, P 2003, Social policy in Britain. 2nd edition. Palgrave. Macmillan.Bourchard, C. Sherphard, RJ Stephens, T, 1994, Physical activity, fitness and health international proceedings and consensus statement and campaign. IL. Human kinetics publishers.Conger, J.J 1987. Behavioral medicine and health psychology in a changing world.Conger J, Galambos N, 1997, Adolescence and youth 5th edition, longman.East Riding of Yorkshire Council(2008) leisure sport and physical activity policy. http//www.eastriding.gov.uk accessed on the 28/5/08Kumbhare D, Basmajian J, Decision making and outcomes in sports rehabilita tion.Renewal.Net 2008, Sport and physical activivity.http//www.renewal.net, accessed on the 29/5/08Spicker, P 1995, Social Policy .Themes and Approaches ,London, Prentice Hall.Sport development 2001, Government policy and sport.http//www.sportdevelopment.org.uk. accessed on the 28/5/08http//www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/.308/6942/1500http//www.neighbourhood.gov.uk